财富对创业的异质性影响——基于三省农户的实证分析

文章从动态视角重新考察了财富与创业的关系,并基于中国农村固定观察点的调查数据进行了实证分析,研究发现财富对创业的影响并非简单的单调关系。当农户资产处于0-98.70分位数区间(0<资产<26.84万元)时,农户资产越多越倾向于创业,这与静态模型的预测相同;但当资产处于98.70分位数之后的区间(资产≥26.84万元)时,样本自选择偏差的存在使二者呈负相关关系,即资产越多,创业概率越低,支持了动态模型的理论预测。文章还使用"人情收入"作为资产的工具变量来解决模型中可能存在的内生性问题,发现此结论依然稳健。     

Lab and framed lab versus natural experiments: Evidence from a risky choice experiment

Some recent papers have studied data from TV game shows to examine the behaviour of individuals towards risk. It is generally agreed that data from these shows are useful in detecting individual risk aversion in the field, with both “real life” subjects and incentives. Field experiments also include some interesting reality features that could affect individuals’ behaviour and possibly lead to different findings. This paper aims at investigating lab versus field evidence in risk taking attitudes, especially controlling for framing effects. To assess whether the behaviour of subjects in the field is consistent with that of experimental subjects, we designed an experiment to mimic (with experimental rewards and subjects) the rules of a well-known Italian TV game show, Affari Tuoi, in two different settings: a traditional lab setting, where the game was played individually (109 subjects) (Treatment 1); and a framed lab, in which the experiment was replicated in the Italian public television (RAI) studio where the show was actually recorded, with a smaller sample of undergraduate students (33) and in the presence of an audience (Treatment 2). Our comparison between the two different settings aims at establishing whether the presence of an audience, or of a situation that reproduces the stress that contestants must experience in the TV studio, can affect experimental subjects’ choices. We did not find any significant evidence of framing effects: students behave in a similar way in the two lab settings, responding essentially to incentives. Comparing the risk attitudes shown by experimental subjects in the two lab treatments with those exhibited by the contestants in the field, we found that contestants in the TV show are generally more risk averse than students in the lab.     

The Power of the Euro–Sterling Rates in Explaining Asset Market Rates: A High‐frequency Analysis

This article makes use of high‐frequency asset market data to explain unexpected changes in interest rates using the methodology proposed by Cochrane and Piazzesi (2002) . This work departs from the existing literature because it uses UK market expectations to capture unexpected movements in the base rate, and explores its effect on a large number of asset market variables. Results indicate that the relation between asset market data and unexpected base rate changes is stronger and more consistent than the relation between asset market data and raw base rate changes. Results appear to be robust to extreme value changes.     

产权、金融稳定政策与中央银行独立性

This paper builds a micro-behavior model of central bank and financial institutions from the perspective of property-rights. By analyzing the theoretical model and the practice, we conclude that, in the framework of the present financial stabilization policies in China, the central bank’s functions of monetary policy and financial stabilization are enslaved to financial institutions. Thus, central bank independence has been damaged because of the actual property-right relation between the central bank and the financial institutions. The policy implication is to cut off the property-right relation between the central bank and the financial institutions. __________ Translated from Caijing wenti yanjiu 财经问题研究 (Research on Finanical and Economic Issues), 2007, (6): 3–9     

Forecasting regional cellular communication markets

The paper examines the problem of modeling of regional cellular communication markets. It analyzes the situation in several regions to reveal common patterns, because knowledge of the dynamics of more advanced regions can be used as the basis of forecasts for other regions. A model is proposed to refine forecasts if some special changes are detected in the regional market behavior. The notion of “allied” market is introduced and a forecast based on the “allied” regional market path is offered using Kurgan oblast as a case study.     

A cross-national comparison and taxonomy of DEA-based hospital efficiency studies

This paper provides the first taxonomy of hospital efficiency studies that uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) and related techniques. We provide a systematic review of 79 such studies published from 1984–2004 that represent 12 countries. Only studies written in English are considered. A cross-national comparison reveals significant differences with respect to important study characteristics such as type of DEA model selected and choice of input and output categories. Compared with US studies, European efforts are more likely to measure allocative rather than technical efficiency, use longitudinal data, and use fewer observations. We take a longitudinal perspective that illustrates the life cycle of this research, as well as its diffusion across disciplines. Our taxonomy can be used by policy makers and researchers to review past, and assemble new, DEA models.     

发思古之幽情--嘉峪关、天水二城纪略

从城市定位上来看,嘉峪关应该是个工业城市,但因为有着特殊的旅游资源,所以近年来旅游及相关产业得到大幅增长。天水一直是西北地区重要的工业城市,特别是在国家“三线”建设时期,沿海城市的一批企业相继搬迁天水后,天水作为地区工业基地的地位更得到强化。     

A Review of The Empirical Ethical Decision-Making Literature: 1996–2003

This review summarizes and critiques the empirical ethical decision-making literature from 1996–2003. One hundred and seventy-four articles were published in top business journals during this period. Tables are included that summarize the findings by dependent variable – awareness, judgment, intent, and behavior. We compare this review with past reviews in order to draw conclusions regarding trends in the ethical decision-making literature and to surface directions for future research.Michael J. O’Fallon is a graduate student in the Department of Management and Operations at Washington State University. His primary research interest is individual ethical decision-making and behavior in organizations. Recently, he has explored issues in organizational behavior, human resource management, and consumer behavior toward genetically modified foods.Kenneth D. Butterfield is an associate professor of management at Washington State University. He received his Ph.D. in Business Administration from The Pennsylvania State University. His research has been published in a variety of academic journals, including Academy of Management Journal, Academy of Management Review, Business and Society, Business Ethics Quarterly, Human Relations, Journal of Higher Education, Journal of Managerial Issues, and Research in Higher Education. His current research interests involve organizational behavior issues such as managing ethical decision-making and behavior in organizations, examining why people fail to recognize moral issues, understanding academic dishonesty and promoting academic integrity, and examining organizational punishment from the manager’s perspective.     

Edging out of the nest: emerging adults’ use of smartphones in maintaining and transforming family relationships

Abstract

The transition to adulthood, often accompanied by an emptying of the family nest, has implications for family relationships, identities and consumption practices. Despite this, the voices and experiences of emerging adults are largely missing from literature on family consumption. Emerging adult families typically combine digital natives and digital immigrants, but little is known about how their interactions around digital communications technology relate to emerging adult preoccupations with affiliation and autonomy. This interpretive study explores how emerging adults’ smartphones are bound up with a complex network of family communication and consumption practices, often across household, geographic and generational boundaries. Affiliation and autonomy emerged as intertwined rather than competing dimensions of participants’ smartphone use, contributing to the distribution and development of family as the nest empties.